Questo sito è frutto di una lunga e continua ricerca sul tema dell’arricchimento ambientale per i pappagalli in cattività, il punto di partenza è stato la lettura del libro del professore universitario Robert J. Young “Environmental Enrichment for Captive Animals (UFAW Animal Welfare)”.

Questo libro contiene tutto quello che bisogna sapere e considerare per dare ai nostri animali in cattività la migliore qualità di vita possibile, ed è stato la mia guida per la creazione di questo sito. Non essendo il libro dedicato ai pappagalli, il grosso della ricerca è stato trovare materiale specifico su di loro.

Siti web:
- www.enrichment.org (Bisogna registrarsi per accedere all’archivio di foto con esempi pratici per ogni categoria di arricchimento)
- http://avianenrichment.com (Sito molto completo che spiega ogni aspetto dell'arricchimento ambientale per i pappagalli anche se pochi esempi pratici)
- https://zoologica.wordpress.com/2008/09/14/the-importance-of-environmental-enrichment-for-pet-parrots/
- http://www.parrotenrichment.com/ (Sito molto completo con tante idee per creare giochi, foraging, trespoli e molto altro. Si può scaricare anche gratuitamente i due libri "The Parrot Enrichment Activity Books" con moltissimi esempi di giochi)
- http://thebuzzonenrichment.com/ (Semplici idee su come creare da se arricchimenti per lo più naturali per i nostri animali)
- http://enrichminute.blogspot.it/ (Idee anche insolite su come creare da se soluzioni per arricchire l'ambiente dei nostri animali)
- https://www.petcha.com/enrich-your-pet-birds-life/
- https://enrichment365.org (Il mio sito dove ogni giorno viene mostrata una nuova idea fotografica di arricchimento ambientale, seguendo anche le disponibilità stagionali. Ci si può iscrivere per email per ricevere via posta l'idea del giorno, una per 365 giorni).

Articoli:
- Preferences of Orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica) for cage enrichment devices - Lilian C. Kim, Joseph P. Garner, James R. Millam
- Coulton, L. E., N. K. Waran, and R. J. Young. "Effects of foraging enrichment on the behaviour of parrots." ANIMAL WELFARE-POTTERS BAR- 6 (1997): 357-364.
- The welfare and suitability of parrots as companion animals: a review – M. Engebretson
- Nicol, C. J. "Environmental enrichment for birds." Environmental Enrichment Information Resources for Laboratory Animals 1965–1995 (1995): 1-3.
- Ethical, Moral & Spiritual Considerations of Companion Parrot Care By Pamela Clark, CVT (revised 2011)
- "Suggested Guidelines for Bird Enrichment" compiled by Kristi A. Martin, Keeper, Oakland Zoo (Reviewed by: Kelly Messenger, Keeper, Tulsa Zoo, Rebecca Schaefer, Keeper, San Diego Wild Animal Park )
- "Collaborative Enrichment" 9th International Conference on Environmental Enrichment by Jon Coe (2009) - www.joncoedesign.com
- Assis, V.D.L., Carvalho, T.S.G., Pereira, V.M., Freitas, R.T.F., Saad, C.E.P., Costa, A.C., & Silva, A.A.A.. (2016). Environmental enrichment on the behavior and welfare of cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus). Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 68(3), 562-570. https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-8747

- April Stevens, Robert Donnell, Aurore Cogny, Clive J.C. Phillips, - "The effects of environmental enrichment on the behaviour of cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) in aviaries", Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 2020, 105154, ISSN 0168-1591, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2020.105154.

Libri:
- ABWAK Association of British and Irish Wild Animal Keepers - Environmental Enrichment Guidelines
- Robert J. Young - Environmental Enrichment for Captive Animals (UFAW Animal Welfare)

DVD:
- Enriching Your Parrot's Life - DVD lecture presented by Robin Shewokis
- Dr. Scott Echols - Captive Foraging DVD

Arricchimento Nutrizionale

- Over-sized pellets naturalize foraging time of captive Orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica)
- Jessica C. Rozeka, Lindsey M. Dannera, Paul A. Stuckyb, James R. Millama- Over-sized pellets naturalize foraging time of captive Orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica)
- Jessica C. Rozeka, Lindsey M. Dannera, Paul A. Stuckyb, James R. Millama- Preference and motivation for different diet forms and their effect on motivation for a foraging enrichment in captive Orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica)
- Jessica C. Rozek, James R. Millam- "Diet-Linked Behavior in Parrots" - Pamela Clark, CVT
- "The apple seed cyanide myth": http://scas.org.au/html/body_apple_seed_cyanide_myth.html
- "The importance of raw, whole foods" - Jason J.Crean (pubblicato sulla rivista ParrotMag www.parrotmag.com, Agosto 2017)
- "The importance of raw, whole foods for our parrots" - Jason J.Crean (pubblicato sulla rivista In Your Flock www.inyourflock.com, Aprile/Maggio 2014)
- "Tea time: the health and benefits of tea extend to your pet bird, too" - Jason J.Crean e Patricia Sund (pubblicato sulla rivista Bird Talk Magazine www.birdtalkmagazine.com)
- "Introduce Tea to Your Flock: Blended teas offer countless benefits for parrots" - Jason J.Crean (pubblicato sulla rivista In Your Flock www.inyourflock.com, Settembre 2013)
- "The Many Uses and Benefits of Blended Teas in Aviculture" - Jason J.Crean (pubblicato su AFA Watchbird Journal of the American federation of Aviculture, Volume XXXIX Numbers 2&3 2012)
- "Parrots Eat Nutritious Foods despite Toxins" - Gilardi JD, Toft CA (2012) Parrots Eat Nutritious Foods despite Toxins. PLOS ONE 7(6): e38293. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038293
- Sebastián-González, E., Hiraldo, F., Blanco, G. et al. "The extent, frequency and ecological functions of food wasting by parrots". Sci Rep 9, 15280 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51430-3 
- Tella, J., Dénes, F., Zulian, V. et al. "Endangered plant-parrot mutualisms: seed tolerance to predation makes parrots pervasive dispersers of the Parana pine". Sci Rep 6, 31709 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep31709 
- Johanne Martens, Dieter Hoppe, Friederike Woog "Diet and Feeding Behaviour of Naturalised Amazon Parrots in a European City," Ardea, 101(1), 71-76, (1 May 2013) https://doi.org/10.5253/078.101.0111

Arricchimento Sociale

- " The Optimal Social Environment for Your Parrot"by Pamela Clark, CVT - Link: https://lafeber.com/pet-birds/the-optimal-social-environment-for-your-parrot/
- "The Human‐Bird Bond and its Impact on Companion Bird Behaviour" by Dr Adrian Gallagher, Brisbane Bird Vet, Chermside - Link: http://brisbanebirdvet.com.au/
- "Sex and the Single Bird" by Shauna Roberts and Brian L. Speer, DVM, Dipl ABVP (avian), Dipl ECAMS

Arricchimento Cognitivo

Addestramento:
- www.enrichment.org
- http://naturalencounters.com/resources/papers-and-presentations/ (In questa sezione del sito vi sono molti altri articoli di Steve Martin scaricabili in formato PDF dedicati all'addestramento)
- "What’s the Motivation?"- by Steve Martin (2015)- Topic: Animal Training Strategies – Presented at the 2015 IAATE Conference
- "The SECRET of Training Birds" by Steve Martin (2009) - Topic: IAATE 2009 Conference – Cincinnati, OH
- "Enrichment: What Is It And Why Should You Want It?" by Steve Martin (1999)
- "Improving Animal Welfare Through Training" by Steve Martin (2016) - Topic: Animal Training and Management Practices – Presented at the 2016 IAATE Conference
- "Does Your Parrot Have a Trust Account?" by Steve Martin (2007) - Topic: Relationships – from the Feb 2007 issue of The World Parrot Trust’s publication
- "To Fly Or Not To Fly…That Is The Question" by Steve Martin (2002) - Topic: Free Flight Companion Parrots
- "Training: A Critical Component Of Enrichment Programs" by Steve Martin (1997) - Topic: Training & Enrichment

Foraging:
- http://www.parrotenrichment.com/foraging.html
- http://foragingforparrots.com/
- Coulton, L. E., N. K. Waran, and R. J. Young. "Effects of foraging enrichment on the behaviour of parrots." ANIMAL WELFARE-POTTERS BAR- 6 (1997): 357-364.
- "Brisbane Bird Vet Captive Foraging" book - Link: http://brisbanebirdvet.com.au
- Parrot Enrichment Made Easy: Low Cost Tips and Tricks - by Pamela Clark, CPBC - Link: https://pamelaclarkonline.com/

Gioco:
- Teaching your Parrot to Play - by Rebecca K. O’Connor
- Novelty and individual difference influence neophobia in orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazonia amazonica) - Fox, Rebecca A. and James R. Millam - Applied Animal Behavior Science 104 (2007) 107-115.
- Breaking the monotony for your parrot - by Johanne Vaillancourt (link: www.parrot-parrots.com/breaking-monotony-parrot.php)

Articoli:
- Goffin's cockatoos make the same tool type from different materials -Alice M. I. Auersperg, Stefan Borasinski, Isabelle Laumer, Alex Kacelnik - Biol. Lett. 2016 12 20160689; DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0689. Published 16 November 2016
- Social transmission of tool use and tool manufacture in Goffin cockatoos (Cacatua goffini) - A. M. I. Auersperg, A. M. I. von Bayern, S. Weber, A. Szabadvari, T. Bugnyar, A. Kacelnik - Proc. R. Soc. B 2014 281 20140972; DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2014.0972. Published 3 September 2014
- A novel form of spontaneous tool use displayed by several captive greater vasa parrots (Coracopsis vasa)- Megan L. Lambert, Amanda M. Seed, Katie E. Slocombe - Biol. Lett. 2015 11 20150861; DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2015.0861. Published 16 December 2015
- African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) use inference by exclusion to find hidden food - Sandra Mikolasch, Kurt Kotrschal, Christian Schloegl - Biol. Lett. 2011 7 875-877; DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2011.0500. Published 11 November 2011
- Navigating a tool end in a specific direction: stick-tool use in kea (Nestor notabilis) - Alice M. I. Auersperg, Ludwig Huber, Gyula K. Gajdon - Biol. Lett. 2011 7 825-828; DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2011.0388. Published 11 November 2011

Arricchimento habitat

Siti web:
- http://www.thewholedog.org/artenrichment.html Environmental Enrichment for Parrots - By Dr Jeannie Thomason 2008
- http://hari.ca/avian-care/housing-environment/
- "Budget Enrichment by Dorothy Schwarz - (Article previously published in Parrot Society Magazine) http://www.flyingparrotsinside.com/flyingparrotsinside.com/Budget_Enrichment.html
- "A Day in the Life of a Large Mixed Aviary" by Dorothy Schwarz - (Article previously published in Parrot Society Magazine) http://www.flyingparrotsinside.com/flyingparrlotsinside.com/Dots_Aviaries.htm
- http://www.mdvaden.com/bird_page.shtml - Pagina con elenco di alberi adatti per creare posatoi, trespoli e giochi per pappagalli

Articoli:
- Habitat Immersion - The New Wave- by Bob and Liz Johnson
- Not doing enough for your parrot? Get creative! - by KAREN WINDSOR, Foster Parrots
- Meehan, C. L., Garner, J. P. and Mench, J. A. (2004), Environmental enrichment and development of cage stereotypy in Orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica). Dev. Psychobiol., 44: 209–218. doi:10.1002/dev.20007
- "Naturalistic Enrichment" by Jon Coe (2006) - ARAZPA Conference Proceedings, Australia, on CD and at www.ARAZPA.org - www.joncoedesign.com/
- "Architects and Enrichment" by Jon Coe (2011) - 10th International Conference on Environmental Enrichment - www.joncoedesign.com/
- “Landscape Immersion – Origins and Concepts” in “Landscape Immersion Exhibits: How Are They Proving as Educational Settings?” by Jon Coe (1994), Moderator, 1994 AZA Convention Proceedings, American Zoo and Aquarium Association, Bethesda, MD - www.joncoedesign.com/
- April Stevens, Robert Doneley, Aurore Cogny, Clive J.C. Phillips, - The effects of environmental enrichment on the behaviour of cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) in aviaries, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, Volume 235, 2021, 105154, ISSN 0168-1591, (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168159120302422)

Arricchimento sensoriale

Articoli:

- Kare, Morley R., "The chemical senses of birds" (1970). Bird Control Seminars Proceedings. Paper 184
- Taste threshold determination and side-preference in captive cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) - Kevin D. Matson, James R. Millam, Kirk C. Klasing )
- Thresholds for Sweet, Salt, and Sour Taste Stimuli in Cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) - Kevin D. Matson, James R. Millam, and Kirk C. Klasing

Arricchimento olfattivo:
- Diversity in olfactory bulb size in birds reflects allometry, ecology, and phylogeny - Jeremy R. Corfield, Kasandra Price, Andrew N. Iwaniuk, Cristian Gutiérrez-Ibáñez, Tim Birkhead and Douglas R. Wylie1
- Detection of Olfactory Receptor Transcripts in Bird Testes - Silke S. Steiger, Andrew E. Fidler, and Bart Kempenaers
- Avian olfactory receptor gene repertoires: evidence for a well-developed sense of smell in birds? - Silke S Steiger, Andrew E. Fidler, Mihai Valcu, Bart Kempenaers - Proc. R. Soc. B 2008 275 2309-2317; DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2008.0607.Published 22 October 2008
- Evidence for Adaptive Evolution of Olfactory Receptor Genes in 9 Bird Species - Silke S. Steiger, Andrew E. Fidler, Jakob C. Mueller and Bart Kempenaers
- Olfactory discrimination in Yellow-backed Chattering "Lories Lorius garrulus flavopalliatus": first demonstration of olfaction in Psittaciformes - T. J. Roper

Arricchimento Uditivo:
- Spontaneous Motor Entrainment to Music in Multiple Vocal Mimicking Species - Adena Schachner, Timothy F. Brady, Irene M. Pepperberg, and Marc D. Hauser
- The grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus) as musician: an experiment with the Temperate Scale - L. Bottoni, R. Massa and D. Lenti Boero
- The effect of rope color, size and fray on environmental enrichment device interaction in male and female Orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica) - Nicolaas V. Webb, Thomas R. Famula, James R. Millam, Department of Animal Science, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA 2010
- Hagelin, J. C. (2004), Observations on the olfactory ability of the Kakapo Strigops habroptilus, the critically endangered parrot of New Zealand. Ibis, 146: 161–164. doi: 10.1111/j.1474-919X.2004.00212.x
- Fiona French, Reinhard Gupfinger, and Paul Kendrick. 2018. "SoundJam 2018: acoustic design for auditory enrichment". In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction (ACI '18). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 18, 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3295598.3314845 
- Isabelle Williams, Will Hoppitt, Rachel Grant, "The effect of auditory enrichment, rearing method and social environment on the behavior of zoo-housed psittacines" (Aves: Psittaciformes); implications for welfare, Applied Animal Behaviour Science, Volume 186, 2017, Pages 85-92, ISSN 0168-1591, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2016.10.013 
- Reinhard Gupfinger and Martin Kaltenbrunner. 2017. Sonic Experiments with Grey Parrots: A Report on Testing the Auditory Skills and Musical Preferences of Grey Parrots in Captivity. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Animal-Computer Interaction (ACI2017). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 3, 1–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3152130.3152137  
- UKEssays. (November 2018). Effect of Sound Enrichment in Captive Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia Guttata) Behaviour. Retrieved from https://www.ukessays.com/essays/biology/effect-of-sound-enrichment-in-captive-zebra-finches-taeniopygia-guttata-behaviour.php?vref=1

Oli essenziali da diffondere per pappagalli:
- http://www.liveoakacupuncture.com/parrots-essential-oils/
- http://healingoilsforanimals.blogspot.it/2014/06/essential-oils-and-birds.html
- Angela Nelson- Aromatherapy for Parrots: Using an ancient healing art with today's companion birds
- http://www.animaleo.info

Sicurezza

Articoli:
- A veterinary assessment of the risks and benefits of environmental enrichment - Ann E. Duncan DVM
- Enrichment Gone Wrong! - Valerie J. Hare, Beth Rich, and Karen E. Worley
- An A to Z Guide for Bird-Proofing Your Home and Providing Quality Bird Care - By Pamela Clark, CVT - ( article originally appeared in the 2002/2003 issue of Birds USA Magazine) - Link: https://pamelaclarkonline.com/

Siti web:
- http://www.pine4parrots.co.uk/Pages/Isyourtoysafe.aspx
- https://www.beautyofbirds.com/toysafety.html
- http://www.birdsafe.com/toys.htm
- http://www.enrichment.org/Safety.php (bisogna registrarsi per accedere alla sezione dedicata alla sicurezza, con disponibile un database in cui è possibile ricercare i pericoli divisi per tipo di animale, tipo di arricchimento e tipo di pericolo)